Development plan
"Estonia 2035"
National security and defence
Are we prepared to protect our country if we are attacked?
Security is the result of actions of the government and the society. The aim of Estonia’s security policy is to prevent and counter threats, and, if necessary, respond quickly and flexibly. Estonia will defend itself in any case and against any opponent. If the state was to temporarily lose control over part of its territory, Estonian citizens are ready to put up organised resistance in the area.
Security is the result of actions of the government and the society. The aim of Estonia’s security policy is to prevent and counter threats, and, if necessary, respond quickly and flexibly. Estonia will defend itself in any case and against any opponent. If the state was to temporarily lose control over part of its territory, Estonian citizens are ready to put up organised resistance in the area.
"Estonia 2035"
Residents who consider Estonia safe
2024: 88%
Culture and sports
Who are we, where do we come from and where are we going?
The foundation for Estonia’s development is preserving the Estonian nation and culture. It is therefore important to build a society which protects and fosters our national identity; explores, stores and passes on cultural memory; creates favourable conditions for open and diverse cultural space; values creativity and sports. The world needs to know about our cultural richness and we need to know about the world’s.
The foundation for Estonia’s development is preserving the Estonian nation and culture. It is therefore important to build a society which protects and fosters our national identity; explores, stores and passes on cultural memory; creates favourable conditions for open and diverse cultural space; values creativity and sports. The world needs to know about our cultural richness and we need to know about the world’s.
"Estonia 2035"
Participation in cultural activities
2023: 79%
Energy
Do energy independence and green energy production fit into a single picture?
The objective of the Estonian energy sector is to guarantee a continuous, sustainable and reasonably priced energy supply in Estonia. At the same time, there is a need to continuously seek ways to make energy production more environmentally friendly, to promote the use of renewable energy sources and contribute to balancing the impact of global climate change.
The objective of the Estonian energy sector is to guarantee a continuous, sustainable and reasonably priced energy supply in Estonia. At the same time, there is a need to continuously seek ways to make energy production more environmentally friendly, to promote the use of renewable energy sources and contribute to balancing the impact of global climate change.
"Estonia 2035"
Renewable energy
2022: 38.5%
Education
What is the key to success?
The future of Estonia, the livelihoods and satisfaction of our people depend to a large extent on the education of each of us. Our knowledge, skills, creativity and shared values guarantee the continued existence of our society and nation. It is therefore at the heart of the Estonian state to offer young people a wide range of opportunities for development and personal fulfilment and to create lifelong learning opportunities for everyone.
The future of Estonia, the livelihoods and satisfaction of our people depend to a large extent on the education of each of us. Our knowledge, skills, creativity and shared values guarantee the continued existence of our society and nation. It is therefore at the heart of the Estonian state to offer young people a wide range of opportunities for development and personal fulfilment and to create lifelong learning opportunities for everyone.
"Estonia 2035"
Participation in life-long learning by adults
"Estonia 2035"
Adults with professional or vocational education
2023: 74.9%
"Estonia 2035"
Tertiary education
2023: 43.5%
"Estonia 2035"
Population with a doctoral degree
2024: 1
Health
How can people in Estonia live a healthy life for longer?
There are many influencing factors: the environment, accessible and high-quality healthcare, workplace safety, standard of living. But in many ways, health, well-being and quality of life depend on everyone’s own choices – how health-conscious we are, what we eat and drink, how much we exercise and care for ourselves.
There are many influencing factors: the environment, accessible and high-quality healthcare, workplace safety, standard of living. But in many ways, health, well-being and quality of life depend on everyone’s own choices – how health-conscious we are, what we eat and drink, how much we exercise and care for ourselves.
"Estonia 2035"
Healthy life years
"Estonia 2035"
Overweight or obese population
2022: 52.7%
Environment
What is the future of Estonian natural resources?
How reasonably and efficiently are we using them?
We use hundreds of products and services every day on which we have spent a lot of resources. Today’s environmental challenges require everyone to be responsible for nature, so that future generations can breathe clean air and live in a naturally diverse environment.
How reasonably and efficiently are we using them?
We use hundreds of products and services every day on which we have spent a lot of resources. Today’s environmental challenges require everyone to be responsible for nature, so that future generations can breathe clean air and live in a naturally diverse environment.
"Estonia 2035"
Net greenhouse gas emissions
2022: 14.29 million tonnes CO2 equivalent
"Estonia 2035"
Sustainable development in Estonia
2024: 15 place
"Estonia 2035"
Index of environmental trends
2022: 63.9
"Estonia 2035"
Circular material use rate
2022: 16
"Estonia 2035"
Greenhouse gases from the transport sector
2022: 2,644.59 tuhat tonni CO2 ekvivalenti
"Estonia 2035"
Energy consumption of residential and non-residential buildings
2022: 16.5 TWh
Internal security
Do you feel safe in Estonia?
Everyone needs to feel that our country is a safe place to live and that the political regime and the borders of our country are in good hands. Every one of us can help make Estonia safer by preventing accidents and caring for themselves and people close to them. Smart and effective solutions can reduce risks to people’s lives, health, property and constitutional order and ensure swift and competent assistance.
Everyone needs to feel that our country is a safe place to live and that the political regime and the borders of our country are in good hands. Every one of us can help make Estonia safer by preventing accidents and caring for themselves and people close to them. Smart and effective solutions can reduce risks to people’s lives, health, property and constitutional order and ensure swift and competent assistance.
"Estonia 2035"
Number of persons who have died due to accidents, poisoning or physical trauma
2023: 69.11 deaths per 100,000 population
"Estonia 2035"
Neighbourhood safety
2024: 91%
Cohesive society
How friendly is Estonian society?
A cohesive society is based on supportive, free people acting democratically to achieve common goals. The society is cohesive if everyone, irrespective of their sex, age, race, ethnicity, marital status or place of residence, are treated without prejudice and equally. Everyone can participate fully in society, work, fulfil oneself and be economically active. Social groups respect each other, act friendly and feel safe as a result.
A cohesive society is based on supportive, free people acting democratically to achieve common goals. The society is cohesive if everyone, irrespective of their sex, age, race, ethnicity, marital status or place of residence, are treated without prejudice and equally. Everyone can participate fully in society, work, fulfil oneself and be economically active. Social groups respect each other, act friendly and feel safe as a result.
"Estonia 2035"
Population figure
"Estonia 2035"
Share of speakers of Estonian
"Estonia 2035"
Active person
2023: 43.8%
"Estonia 2035"
Caring and cooperation
2021: 61%
"Estonia 2035"
Contacts between different groups of society
"Estonia 2035"
Cohort fertility rate
2024: 1.83 children
Welfare
What kind of a country would we like to live in?
A country where people are valued and invested in. A country where people feel confident about the future. A country where people are not excluded and where working life and income do not depend on a person’s sex, origin or age, but on skills and knowledge and who we are as people. A country that is family-friendly. A country where people want to raise children and where children feel safe and happy.
A country where people are valued and invested in. A country where people feel confident about the future. A country where people are not excluded and where working life and income do not depend on a person’s sex, origin or age, but on skills and knowledge and who we are as people. A country that is family-friendly. A country where people want to raise children and where children feel safe and happy.
"Estonia 2035"
Risk perceptions
"Estonia 2035"
Persistent at-risk-of-poverty rate
2022: 14.5%
"Estonia 2035"
Satisfaction with the living environment
"Estonia 2035"
Gender Equality Index
2023: 60.2 points
"Estonia 2035"
Gender pay gap
2023: 13.1%
"Estonia 2035"
Income quintile share ratio
2022: 5.4
"Estonia 2035"
Population with a high burden of care
2023: 2.4%
"Estonia 2035"
Accessibility indicator
2023: 46%
"Estonia 2035"
Labour force participation rate
Research and development and entrepreneurship
What conditions promote entrepreneurship and contribute to higher living standards?
Estonia wants to encourage entrepreneurship and innovation and be home to committed people and ambitious businesses. It can help companies to be internationally competitive, effectively produce valuable products, export and provide innovative services by creating conditions for higher productivity and living standards, good education and culture, Estonia’s continued existence and development.
Estonia wants to encourage entrepreneurship and innovation and be home to committed people and ambitious businesses. It can help companies to be internationally competitive, effectively produce valuable products, export and provide innovative services by creating conditions for higher productivity and living standards, good education and culture, Estonia’s continued existence and development.
"Estonia 2035"
Private sector research and development expenditure
2022: 1.01 % of GDP
"Estonia 2035"
Labour productivity compared to the EU average
2023: 77.5%
"Estonia 2035"
GDP per capita outside of Harju county, compared to the EU average
2022: 62.4%
"Estonia 2035"
Resource productivity
2022: 0.7 euros per kilogram
"Estonia 2035"
Private sector researchers and engineers
2022: 2.23 persons employed per 1000 population
"Estonia 2035"
World Competitiveness Index
2024: 33 place
Transport
How to travel quickly and comfortably, while caring for the environment?
Cost-efficiency and environmental sustainability are important transport goals in Estonia. To attain them, our roads need to be in good condition, cars should not clog cities and places should be accessible on foot, by bike or public transport. Our transport system should enable us to travel quickly, conveniently and safely to desired destinations, and goods should reach their destination smoothly.
Cost-efficiency and environmental sustainability are important transport goals in Estonia. To attain them, our roads need to be in good condition, cars should not clog cities and places should be accessible on foot, by bike or public transport. Our transport system should enable us to travel quickly, conveniently and safely to desired destinations, and goods should reach their destination smoothly.
"Estonia 2035"
People commuting by public transport, by bicycle or on foot
2023: 34.9%
Effective state and rule of law
How to govern the state effectively when resources are limited?
Effective governance requires the ability and skills to make optimal use of available resources. Only carefully selected development objectives and well-considered financing decisions can ensure the quality and accessibility of public services.
Effective governance requires the ability and skills to make optimal use of available resources. Only carefully selected development objectives and well-considered financing decisions can ensure the quality and accessibility of public services.
"Estonia 2035"
Worldwide Governance Indicators
"Estonia 2035"
Trust in government institutions
"Estonia 2035"
Global Presence Index
2023: 83
"Estonia 2035"
Local government revenues
2023: 24.6%
"Estonia 2035"
Satisfaction with public services